national museum of natural history of the smithsonian institution

hideki kanazawa of kyoto university, japan
geophysical laboratory, carnegie institution of washington
university of arizona mineral museum 17511
natural history museum of los angeles county
don doell (small piece), rock currier (large piece)
donald doell (small piece), rock currier (large piece)
george rossman, california institute of technology
the university of arizona mineral museum
rock currier (large piece), michael scott (small piece)
institute of mineralogy, university of heidelberg
elizabeth cairns, university of edinburgh
university of arizona mineral museum 1636
joan rosell-riba, jordi ibez (geo3bcn-csic), tariq jawhari (ccitub)
bob jenkins (capsule), rock currier (rock piece)
william w. pinch, robert lavinsky, and marcus origlieri
the university of arizona mineral museum 5194 and 10550
donald doell (large piece) and rock currier (small piece)
mike carducci, climax molybdenum technology center
ward's natural science establishment, inc.
thomas a. loomis. anthony r. kampf provided a few crystals (kampf 2000).
michael scott (small piece), bob jenkins (large piece)
harvard microprobe standard, mineralogical museum, harvard university
marcus origlieri and george guanghua liu
william w pinch (large sample), don doell (small sample)
joan rosell, jordi ibez (csic-itja), tariq jawhari (ccitub)
big piece from royal ontario museum (m37320) and two smaller pieces from mark feinglos.
pacific northwest national laboratory under iarpa contract

lial_1.00_(p_1.00_o_4_)(f_0.73_(oh)_0.27_)_=1_; li assumed by stoichiometry; oh estimated by charge balance
ca_1.00_(fe^2+^_0.60_mg_0.35_mn^2+^_0.05_)_=1_(co_3_)_2_ ; c not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry
ca_1.00_(fe^2+^_0.52_mg_0.35_ca_0.08_mn^2+^_0.05_)_=1_(co_3_)_2_ ; where c was not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry
al_2.00_(p_1.00_o_4_)(oh)_3_; oh estimated by difference
ba_1.00_s_1.00_o_4_; trace amounts of pb
li_1.00_si_2.00_o_6_1.25h_2_o ; li not measured but estimated by stoichiometry
(ca_0.99_mg_0.01_)co_3_; trace amounts of co
pb_1.00_co_3_ ; co_2_ not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry
pb_1.00_co_3_ ; c not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry
pb_1.00_co_3_ c not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry
(fe^2+^_1.84_mg_0.12_mn_0.04_)_=2_(al_3.95_fe^3+^_0.05_)_=4_si_2.00_o_10_(oh)_4_ ; h not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry
mg_1.00_si_1.00_o_3_ ; trace to minor amounts of na
ca_1.00_b_3.00_o_4_(oh)_3_h_2_o ; trace amounts of na; b assumed by stoichiometry and charge balance.
(mg_1.80_fe^2+^_0.20_)_=2_al_4.00_(si_4.96_al_0.04_)_=5_o_18_0.86h_2_ona_0.04_ ; h_2_o estimated by difference and verified by raman spectroscopy
ca_3.00_al_2.00_(s_1.00_o_4_)(oh)_2_(f_7.31_(oh)_0.69_)_=8_2h_2_o ; oh estimated by stoichiometry and charge balance oh=10-f
ca_1.00_b_1.00_si_1.00_o_4_(oh) ; trace amounts of al and na; b measured and corrected according to stoichiometry;  oh estimated by stoichiometry end charge balance
ca_1.00_bsi_1.00_o_4_(oh) ; trace amounts of fe; b and oh estimated by stoichiometry end charge balance
(al_0.99_fe^3+^_0.01_)_=1_o(oh) ; trace amounts of ti;  oh estimated by difference ; fe^3+^ by charge balance
(al_0.99_fe^3+^_0.01_)_=1_o(oh) ; oh estimated by difference; fe^3+^ by charge balance
cu_1.00_si_1.00_o_3_h_2_o; h_2_o estimated by difference
cu_1.00_si_1.00_o_3_h_2_o ; trace amounts of mg and al; oh estimated by difference
(ca_0.99_mg_0.01_)_=1_mg_1.00_(co_3_)_2_ ; trace amounts of mn; co_2_ estimated by difference
ba_1.00_(si_3.00_al_2.00_)o_10_4h_2_o; trace amounts of na; h_2_o estimated by difference
(na_1.97_k_0.03_)_=2_be_2_si_6.00_o_15_h_2_o; trace amounts of al; be and h_2_o assumed by stoichiometry
(ca_4.93_[box]_0.07_)_=5_((po_4_)_2.86_(co_3_)_0.14_)_=3_f_1.00_ : c not measured but estimated by difference and charge balance
(mg_1.67_fe_0.33_)_=2_si_1.00_o_4_; trace amounts of mn and ca
ca_1.00_(fe^2+^_1.89_mn_0.10_mg_0.01_)_=2_fe^3+^_1.00_osi_2.00_o_7_(oh); trace amounts of al; oh estimated by charge balance
li_1.00_al_1.00_(p_1.00_o_4_)(oh)_0.63_f_0.37_)_=1_ ; li not measured but estimated by stoichiometry
na_2.00_ca_2.00_(co_3_)_3_ ; co2 not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry.
(sr_0.91_ca_0.09_)_=1_co_3_; co_2_ estimated by difference
(sr_0.81_ca_0.05_ba_0.01_)_=0.87_be_2.02_p_2.05_o_8_; be content determined using sims with a camecaims-4f ion microprobe
(ba_0.98_sr_0.02_)_=1_co_3_; co_2_ estimated by difference
(ni_0.92_fe^2+^_0.05_cr_0.02_)c_31_h_32_n_4_ ; c, h and n not measured but estimated by stoichiometry
(zn_1.65_cu_0.35_)_=2_(as_1.00_o_4_)(oh) ; h not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry
ca_3.00_(si_1.00_o_3_)_2_(oh)_2_2h_2_o; trace amounts of al. oh by charge balance; h_2_o by difference
ca_3.00_(si_1.00_o_3_)_2_(oh)_2_2h_2_o; trace amounts of fe, al, cr; oh estimated by charge balance; h_2_o by difference;
(mn^2+^_4.91_mg_0.09_)_=5.00_(si_1.00_o_4_)_2_((oh)_1.57_f_0.43_)_=2_ ; oh not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry
(mn^2+^_4.43_mg_0.57_)_=5_(si_1.00_o_4_)_2_(oh)_2_; oh estimated by difference and charge balance
also_4_(oh). eds shows the major elements of al, s, and o, plus trace cr. si is from glass fiber. no electron microprobe analysis was done, because there is only one crystal. the final chemistry was from the structure refinement.
(mg_2.93_fe_0.07_)_=3_si_2.00_o_5_(oh)_4_ ; trace amounts of al and mn; oh estimated by difference
light phase: as_1.00_ ; dark phase: as_2.00_o_3_
pb_2.00_(cu_0.98_fe_0.02_)_=1_(as_1.00_o_4_)(s_1.00_o_4_)(oh); oh estimated by charge balance and difference
mg_2.00_co_3_(oh)_2_3h_2_o ; c and h not measured but estimated by charge balance
ca_1.00_zn_1.00_(as_1.00_o_4_)(oh) ; = darker phase. the lighter phase is adamite zn_2.00_(as_1.00_o_4_)(oh)
light phase: (ni_2.60_fe_0.40_)_=3_(fe_0.93_co_0.07_)_=1_ ; the rim (dark phase) is a ni-fe-silicate
ba_1.00_be_2.00_si_2.00_o_7_ ; trace amounts of ti; beo estimated by difference
ba_1.00_be_2.00_si_2.00_o_7_ ; be not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry
ca_4.00_be_2.00_al_2.00_si_9.00_o_26_(oh)_2_ ; be not measured but assumed by stoichiometry
(ta_0.84_nb_0.16_)_=1_bo_4_; b not measured but estimated by difference and charge balance
ca_1.00_be_1.00_as_1.00_o_4_(oh) ; be not analyzed but estimated by stoichiometry
na_1.00_be_1.00_p_1.00_o_4_ ; be not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry
na_1.00_be_1.00_p_1.00_o_4_; be estimated by difference
mg_1.00_ca_2.00_fe^3+^_3.00_(mo_7.89_w_0.11_)_=8_((as_1.94_p_0.06_)_=1_o_4_)_2_o_28_(oh)23h_2_o ; h not mesured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry; the lighter areas are richer in w.
li_1.00_al_1.00_si_2.00_o_6_h_2_o ; li not measured but estimated by charge balance
(bi_1.99_sb_0.01_)o_2_(co_3_) ; is the lighter phase. the darker phase is: (bi_1.98_sb_0.02_)o_2_(co_3_) ; c not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry
(mg_2.98_fe^2+^_0.02_)_=3_b_7_o_13_cl_1.00_ ; b not analyzed but estimated by diifference and stoichiometry
na_2.00_b_4_o_5_(oh)_4_8h_2_o ; = lighter phase. darker phase is probably tincalconite; b, h, o not measured but estimated by stoichiometry
ca_4.00_(mg_0.96_fe_0.04_)_=1_b_4_o_6_(co_3_)_2_(oh)_6_ ; trace amounts of mg; b, c, h not measured but assumed by stoichiometry.
ni^2+^_1.00_(sb^5+^_1.99_as_0.01_)_=2_(oh)_12_1.2h_2_o ; = gray phase. (dehydrated bottinoite due to the electronic beam)
ca_2.00_(co_3_)f_2.00_ ; c not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry
eds analysis shows the presence of zn, with trace s.
na_1.00_sb_1.00_o_3_; = gray phase with trace amounts of fe; bright phase: stibiconite
ca_1.96_[si_0.97_o_3_(oh)_1.00_]f_1.00_&#183;0.61h_2_o; oh estimated by charge balance; h_2_o by difference
na_4.00_s_1.00_o_4_co_3_ ; c not measured but estimated by difference.
ca_2.03_b(as_0.98_o_4_)(oh)_4_ ; the sample suffered some damage during the probework.
cu_2.00_(mg_1.97_fe_0.03_)_=2_co_3_(oh)_6_2h_2_o ; c and h not measured but estimated by stoichiometry
(mn_2.93_fe^2+^_0.05_mg_0.02_)_=3_b_7.00_o_13_cl_1.00_ ; b not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry.
na_2.00_be_1.00_si_2.00_o_6_; be estimated by difference and stoichiometry
(ca_4.97_mn_0.03_)_=5_(p_1.00_o_4_)_3_(cl_0.69_(oh)_0.29_f_0.02_)_=1_ ; trace amounts of sr ; (oh) estimated by difference and stoichiometry
pb_3.00_(cu_0.96_fe_0.04_)_=1_o_2_cl_2.00_(oh)_2_ ; h not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry
as_2.00_o_3_ ; trace amounts of al, gray phase
(cu_2.97_al_0.02_[box]_0.01_)_=3_(as_0.99_p_0.01_)_=1_o_4_(oh)_3_ ; trace amounts of fe and zn; oh estimated by difference and charge balance
ca_1.00_(co_0.95_cu_0.05_)_=1_as_1.00_o_4_(oh) ; (oh) estimated by difference and stoichiometry
fe_2.96_ni_.02_c, normalized to 1 carbon
ca_1.00_b_3.00_o_4_(oh)_3_h_2_o ; b not measured but assumed by stoichiometry and charge balance.
ca_1.00_(cu_0.70_zn_0.30_)_=1_(as_1.00_o_4_)(oh) ; oh estimated by difference and stoichiometry
ca_1.00_(cu_0.99_zn_0.01_)_=1_as_1.00_o_4_(oh); oh estimated by charge balance
(fe^3+^_1.43_al_0.57_)_=2_(s_1.00_o_4_)_3_9h_2_o; trace amounts of as; h_2_o estimated by difference
(cu_4.98_ca_0.02_)_=5_(as_1.00_o_4_)_2_(oh)_4_ ; oh estimated by difference and charge balance
si_1.00_o_2_0.11h_2_o ; trace amounts of al and na; h_2_o by difference, verified by raman spectroscopy
(fe^2+^_2.13_fe^3+^_0.87_)_=3_(si_1.13_fe^3+^_0.87_)_=2_o_5_(oh)_4_ ; fe2 and fe3 splitted by stoichiometry (sum of cations = 5) and charge balance
cu_7.01_tl_0.99_se_4.00_ ; (light phase) tl not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry ; the dark phase is cu_3.00_se_2.00_ (umangite, with trace amounts of s)
gray inclusion in the dark phase: (cu_0.67_ni_0.17_fe_0.16_)_=1_(ir_1.94_pt_0.04_ru_0.02_)_=2_s_4.00_ trace amounts of os.
na_1.00_al_1.00_(co_3_)(oh)_2_ ; trace amounts of ti ; h_2_o assumed ideal 12.5%; co_2_ by difference
pb_1.00_(zn_0.98_cu_0.02_)_=1_((v_0.98_as_0.02_)_=1_o_4_)(oh) ; oh estimated by difference and stoichiometry
al_2.00_si_2.00_o_5_(oh)_4_ ; oh estimated by difference and charge balance
(na_1.98_mg_0.01_)_=1.99_(ca_0.98_cu_0.02_)_=1.00_cu_2.00_si_8_o_20.00_h_2_o; the mineral is medium gray, associated with wesselsite (white) and quartz (dark gray); normalized to 8 si atoms; water assumed from crystal structure solution
ca_1.63_(i_0.93_o_3_)_2.00_(cr_1.21_s_0.03_o_4_)_1.00_h_2_o ; the total is low due to possible dehydration during the probe
(pb_0.96_zn_0.04_)_=1_cu_1.00_as_1.00_o_4_(oh); oh estimated by charge balance
(al_6.89_ti_0.11_)_=7_(bo_3_)(si_2.89_al_0.11_)_=1_o_4_)_3_o_3_ ; b not measured but estimated by difference and charge balance
hg^1+^_6.00_ocl_3.00_(oh) ; o,h not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry
na_1.00_li_1.00_al_2.00_(si_2.00_al_2.00_)o_10_(oh)_2_; trace amounts of fe and ca; li and oh assumed by stoichiometry
cu_1.00_(fe_0.98_pb_0.02_)_=1_(se_1.93_s_0.07_)_=2_ ; the lighter inclusions (not analyzed) contain (wds scan only): cu, tl, se, fe
be_1.00_al_1.00_si_1.00_o_4_(oh) ; be not measured but estimated by stoichiometry
na_1.00_be_1.00_si_3.00_o_7_(oh) ; be not measured but estimated by stoichiometry.
na_2.00_b_5_o_7_(oh)_3_2h_2_o ;trace amounts of si; b and oh not measured but estimated by stoichiometry
wavelength dispersive spectroscopy (wds) scanning shows mo and fe only.
(fe_0.48_mg_0.47_al_0.02_ca_0.02_[box]_0.01_)_=1_si_1.00_o_3_ ; = light phase. there are trace amounts of mn and ti. the dark phase = quartz
pb_3.00_cl_4.00_f_1.00_(oh)h_2_o ; oh and h_2_o estimated by difference
(mg_0.99_fe_0.01_)_=3_(bo_3_)(f_1.96_(oh)_1.04_)_=3_ ;  b assumed by stoichiometry; oh estimated by difference and stoichiometry
(ca_4.93_[box]_0.07_)_=5_((po_4_)_2.86_(co_3_)_0.14_)_=3_f_1.00_ ; c not measured but estimated by difference and charge balance
cu_1.00_pb_2.00_(cr_1.00_o_4_)(as_1.00_o_4_)(oh); oh estimated by difference and charge balance
be_2.00_fe^2+^_1.00_(y_1.75_nd_0.14_ce_0.09_la_0.02_)_=2_si_2.00_o_10_; trace amounts of ca and sm; be not measured but assumed by stoichiometry
mg_1.00_al_2.00_(p_1.00_o_4_)_2_(oh)_2_7.98h_2_o; trace amounts of fe; oh estimated by charge balance, h_2_o by difference
(ca_0.98_sr_0.02_)_=1_[b_5_o_8_(oh)][b(oh)_3_]3h_2_o ; b not measured but estimated by stoichiometry
fe_1.00_sb_1.00_s_1.00_ ; trace amounts of as
hf_1.00_si_1.00_o_4_ ; trace amounts of zr
2ca_1.00_s_1.00_o_3_h_2_o; trace amounts of fe; h_2_o estimated by difference
fe_2_o_3_ ; (pure phase as determined by wds analysis)
zn_4.00_si_2.00_o_7_(oh)_2_h_2_o; total h_2_o estimated by difference, (oh) by charge balance
ca_1.94_cu_1.06_[b(oh)_4_]_2_(oh)_4_ ; b, h not measured but assumed by stoichiometry
(cu_0.91_fe^2+^_0.08_mn_0.01_)_=1_fe^3+^_2.00_(p_1.00_o_4_)_2_(oh)_2_; oh estimated by charge balance; fe^2+^ by charge balance and stoichiometry
ca_2.00_b_5_o_9_(cl_0.95_(oh)_0.05_)_=1_h_2_o ; = darker. trace amounts of na ; oh by difference 1-cl; gray: ca_2.00_(b_4.98_al_0.01_fe^3+^_0.01_)_=5_o_9_cl_1.00_h_2_o; traces of na; b estimated by 5-al-fe; light: boracite
ca_2.01_b_5.00_si_0.99_o_9_(oh)_5_ ; b and oh not measured but estimated by difference and charge balance.
eds analysis only revealed fe, with some mn and al.
(ca_0.93_mg_0.07_)_=1_mg_1.00_b_6_o_8_(oh)_6_3h_2_o ; b, h not measured but estimated by stoichiometry
ca_1.00_mg_1.00_b_6_o_8_(oh)_6_3h_2_o ; b and h not measured but assumed by stoichiometry and verified by raman
pb_3_(co_3_)_2_(oh)_2_ ; pb confirmed by epma, co_2_ and h_2_o not analyzed but confirmed by raman spectroscopy
ca_1.00_be_1.00_(p_1.00_o_4_)((oh)_0.53_f_0.47_)_=1_ ; be not measured but estimated by difference and charge balance
(ca_0.99_mn_0.01_)_=1_be_1.00_p_1.00_o_4_((oh)_0.52_f_0.48_)_=1_; trace amounts of na; be not measured but assumed by stoichiometry; oh estimated by charge balance
ca_1.00_be_1.00_p_1.00_o_4_((oh)_0.80_f_0.20_)_=1_; trace amounts of al; oh estimated by charge balance; beo by difference
al_6.00_(bo_3_)_5_(f_2.22_(oh)_0.78_)_3.00_  ; b and h not measured but estimated by difference and charge balance
(al_5.99_fe^3+^_0.01_)_=6_(bo_3_)_5_(f_2.85_(oh)_0.15_)_=3_ ; b and h not measured but estimated by difference and charge balance
ca_1.00_al_1.00_b_3.00_o_7_; b estimated by difference
k_3.00_fe^3+^_1.00_(cn)_5_no ; n,c,o not measured but assumed by stoichiometry
k_1.00_h_1.00_mg_2.00_b_12.00_o_16_(oh)_10_4h_2_o ; h and b not measured but estimated by stoichiometry
(mn^2+^_1.77_al_0.96_mg_0.19_fe^2+^_0.08_)_=3_(si_1.04_al_0.96_)_=2_o_5_(oh)_4_ ; trace amounts of f; the lighter fragment  up-right is kutnohorite: (ca_0.81_mn_0.19_)_=1_(mn_0.99_mg_0.01_)_=1_(co_3_)_2_; c not measured but estimated by difference
ca_2.00_cu_2.00_si_3.00_o_10_2.94h_2_o; trace amounts of fe and mn; h_2_o estimated by difference
(zn_0.83_co_0.13_ni_0.03_fe_0.01_)_=1_(as_1.00_o_3_oh)h_2_o ; oh estimated by stoichiometry and charge balance
na_1.00_(cr_0.99_fe^3+^_0.01_)si_2.00_o_6_ ;after normalization to four total cations, using data of harlow (1997).
(mg_2.98_fe_0.02_)_=3_(bo_3_)_2_ ; trace amounts of mn; b_2_o_3_ estimated by difference
mg_2.00_p_1.00_o_4_(oh)2.67h_2_o ; trace amounts of mn; h_2_o estimated by difference
(mg_1.98_fe_0.02_)_=2_p_1.00_o_4_(oh)3h_2_o; h_2_o by difference; (oh) by charge balance
mg_1.00_b_3_o_3_(oh)_5_5h_2_o ; = lighter phase. the darker phase: (mg_0.97_al_0.02_[box]_0.01_)_=1_b_3_o_3_(oh)_5_5h_2_o ; b not measured but estimated by stoichiometry
(k_0.98_sr_0.01_)_=0.99_(li_1.25_cu_0.71_na_0.08_)_=2.04_cu_6_(si_4.03_o_11_)_2_(oh)_4_; (lavinskyite is the dark grey material in the image, associated with light grey r141116 scottyite)
cu^2+^_1.01_(c_1.994_h_3_o_3_)_2_ ; the c content of 22.6(2) wt.% was obtained from an elemental combustion system equipped with mass spectrometry. crystals are easily damaged by electron beam (lower photo),
cu_1.01_(c_1.98_h_3.00_o_3_)_2_ ; the c content of 22.2(2) wt.% was obtained from an elemental combustion system equipped with mass spectrometry. crystals are easily damaged by electron beam
ca_2.00_na_2.00_be_2.00_si_4.00_o_12_f_2.00_ ; be not measured but estimated by difference and charge balance
na_1.00_ca_1.00_be_1.00_si_2.00_o_6_(f_0.80_(oh)_0.20_)_=1_; (oh)  estimated by charge balance; be estimated by difference
ca_2.00_(u_1.00_o_2_)(co_3_)_3_11h_2_o ; c not measured but estimated by stoichiometry
(cu_2.99_fe_0.01_)_=3.00_(mo^6+^_1.00_o_4_)_2_(oh)_2.00_ ; oh not measured but estimated by difference and charge balance
li_1.00_(mn^2+^_0.67_fe^2+^_0.33_)_=1_p_1.00_o_4_; trace amounts of ca and mg; li estimated by difference and charge balance
(zn_3.25_mg_0.17_cr_2.58_)_6.00_(oh)_12_(co_3_)_1.29_3h_2_o. ; the c content of 2.31(2) wt.% was obtained from an elemental combustion system equipped with mass spectrometry.
ca_0.99_(zn_1.01_mn^+3^_0.85_)_=1.86_(as_1.03_o_4_)_2_[(oh)_0.85_ (h_2_o)_1.17_] ; (total low,  mineral unstable under electron beam, blades are lotharmeyerite, botryoidal material is mn oxide?)
(mg_1.68_fe^2+^_0.32_)_=2_(fe^3+^_0.74_al_0.23_cr_0.03_)_=1_o_5_ ; b not measured but estimated by difference and charge balance
cu_2.00_(al_1.96_fe^3+^_0.04_)_=2_(as_1.00_o_4_)_2_(oh)_4_h_2_o; trace amounts of p; oh estimated by charge balance; h_2_o by difference
(fe^3+^_0.98_al_0.02_)_=1_te^4+^_2.00_o_5_(oh) ; oh by difference and stoichiometry
(mg_0.87_fe^2+^_0.12_ca_0.01_)_=1_co_3_; trace amounts of mn and cd; co_2_ estimated by difference
(fe^2+^_0.51_ni_0.48_co_0.01_)_=1_fe^3+^_2_o_4_; trace amounts of al; fe^2+^ and fe^3+^ splitted by charge balance
lighter phase: (mn^3+^_0.99_fe^3+^_0.01_)_=1_o(oh) ; trace amounts of cr and ca; oh by difference; darker phase: gypsum
mn^3+^_1.00_o(oh) ; oh estimated by difference and stoichiometry
(al_0.89_fe^3+^_0.11_)_=1_as_1.00_o_4_2h_2_o; trace amounts of p, mn, ca, na; h_2_o estimated by difference
cu_2.91_mo_1.029_o_4_(oh)_4_; the lighter shade was probed
ca_1.00_b_3_o_3_(oh)_5_h_2_o ; b not measured but estimated by charge balance
(k_1.11_na_0.21_)_=1.32_ca_2.00_(be_2.36_al_0.64_)_=3_si_12.00_o_30_h_2_o; h_2_o assumed ideal from stoichiometry; beo estimated by difference
be_2.00_p_1.00_o_4_((oh)_0.85_f_0.15_)_=1_4h_2_o; trace amounts of al and fe; be and h not measured but assumed by stoichiometry
ca_1.00_mn^3+^_1.00_si_1.00_o_4_(oh); = dark phase, trace amounts of fe and al; oh estimated by charge balance : mn^2+^mn^3+^_2_o_4_ (light phase = hausmannite)
na_1.00_hco_3_ ; h and c not analyzed but assumed by stoichiometry
ca_3.00_si_6.00_o_15_5.83h_2_o ; h_2_o estimated by diference
mg_1.00_(hco_3_)(oh)2h_2_o ; c and h not measured but estimated by difference and charge balance
ni_1.00_(as_0.98_sb_0.02_)_=1_ ; trace amounts of co and fe
lighter phase from the upper left: (ni_1.67_fe_1.33_)_=3_p_1.00_
ca_3.00_[bo(oh)_2_]_6_2h_2_o ; = darker phase. h_2_o assumed ideal from stoichiometry; b_2_o_3_ estimated by difference
na_1.00_no_3_ ; = darker grains. the lighter grains are nacl ; n not analyzed but estimated by difference and stiochiometry
na_0.92_n_1.00_o_2.96_ ; n not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry
ca_1.00_b_6_o_9_((oh)_1.60_f_0.40_)_=2_3h_2_o ; trace amounts of fe; b not measured but assumed by stoichiometry; oh estimated as 2-f
al_1.00_(oh)_3_; trace amounts of fe; h_2_o estimated by difference
(cd_0.91_zn_0.05_pb_0.04_)_=1_co_3_ ; = lighter phase. the crystal is zoned. the darker phase is (cd_0.93_zn_0.05_pb_0.02_)_=1_co_3_ ; the inclusion is cerussite: pb_1.00_co_3_
(k_0.75_na_0.25_)_=1_(al_3.94_fe^3+^_0.06_)_=4_(as_1.00_o_4_)_3_(oh)_4_6.5h_2_o ; h not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry
pb_1.03_(fe^3+^_1.45_al_1.43_cu_0.06_)_=2.94_(s_0.61_as_0.40_)o_4_(aso_3_oh)(oh)_6_. the sample could be a solid solution among segnitite-philipsbornite-beudantite-hidalgoite.
pb_2.00_(co_3_)cl_2.03_ ; c estimated by difference
fes_2_ ; (pure phase as determined by wds analysis)
(cu_8.33_zn_6.67_)_=15_(s_1.00_o_4_)_4_(oh)_22_6h_2_o ; = rim, gray phase. the core, light phase is sphalerite.
ca_2.00_cu_1.00_(as_1.00_o_4_)_2_  2h_2_o ; trace amounts of fe, s, al, mg; h2o estimated by difference
nh_4_cl_1.00_ ; n, h not measured but estimated by stoichiometry
ca_3.01_ge_0.95_s_2.03_o_8_(oh)_6_.3h_2_o ; formula normalized to 17 o atoms, including 6h_2_o per formula unit
na_1.00_ca_3.00_(u_1.00_o_2_)(s_1.00_o_4_)(co_3_)_3_f_1.00_12h_2_o ; c and h not measured but estimated by stoichiometry
pb_1.00_s^4+^_1.00_o_3_; trace amounts of fe
ba_1.00_sr_0.01_na_0.01_cu_2.04_si_1.97_o_7_ ; (scottyite is light grey material in image, associated with dark grey r120057 lavinskyite, and medium gray r120019 wesselsite
ba_1.01_sr_0.02_cu_2.03_na_0.01_si_1.97_o_7_; (scottyite is light grey material in image, associated with dark grey r141115 lavinskyite)
ca_2.98_(aso_4_)_2.00_[as(oh)_3_]_2.00_ ; the darker phase is fluorapatite.
(co_0.68_mg_0.15_ni_0.07_ca_0.05_fe_0.04_mn_0.01_)_=1_co_3_ ; c not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry
(ca_3.91_k_0.09_)_=4_(si_28.09_al_7.91_)o_72_22.5h_2_o; trace amounts of na; h_2_o estimated by difference
lighter and darker phases: sb_1.00_(ta_0.72_nb_0.28_)_=1_o_4_
na_1.42_ca_4.28_(si_26.02_al_9.98_)o_72_27.61h_2_o; trace amounts of k; h_2_o estimated by difference
si_1.00_o_2_; trace amounts of fe and al
ca_2.00_si_2.00_o_5_(oh)_2_1.8h_2_o; h_2_o estimated by difference
(na_0.94_ca_0.03_[box]_0.03_)_=1_be_4.00_sb^5+^_1.00_o_7_; trace amounts of as; be estimated by difference
k_2.00_ca_1.00_(s_1.00_o_4_)_2_h_2_o ; light inclusions are (k_1.99_na_0.01_)_=2_s_1.00_o_4_ (arcanite) ; h not measured but estimated by difference
(mg_0.66_mn^2+^_0.34_)_=1_bo_2_(oh); = gray phase: b and oh assumed by stoichiometry; light rim: (mn^2+^_0.70_ca_0.18_mg_0.12_)_=1_co_3_ is rhodochrosite; co_2_ estimated by difference
hg^2+^_3.00_o_2_cl_2.00_ ; o estimated by difference and stoichiometry
(ca_4.91_al_0.06_[box]_0.03_)_=5_si_6.00_o_16_(oh)_2_5h_2_o ; h not measured but estimated by difference
li_1.00_(fe^2+^_0.80_mn^2+^_0.20_)_=1_p_1.00_o_4_ ; li not measured but estimated by difference and charge balance.
li_1.00_(fe^2+^_0.55_mn^2+^_0.45_)_=1_p_1.00_o_4_ ; li not measured, but estimated by difference
(mn^2+^_1.55_fe^2+^_0.25_ca_0.20_)_=2_(p_1.00_o_4_)(f_0.85_(oh)_0.15_)_=1_ ; oh not measured but estimated by difference and charge balance
na_3.00_(co_3_)(hco_3_)2h_2_o ; co2 and h not measured but estimated by stoichiometry. the lighter inclusion is dolomite.
na_3.00_(co_3_)(hco_3_)2h_2_o ; co_3_ and hco_3_ were estimated by stoichiometry
n(ch_3_)_4_si_4.00_(si_0.97_al_1.03_)_=2_o_12_; trace amounts of na; n and ch_3_ not measured but assumed by stoichiometry
pb_1.00_zn_1.00_(fe_0.80_zn_0.20_)_=1_(as_1.00_o_4_)_2_(oh)h_2_o ; trace amounts of ca, na, cu, al ; h_2_o estimated by difference
na_4.00_be_1.00_al_1.00_si_4.00_o_12_cl_1.00_ ; be not measured but estimated by charge balance
na_4.00_be_1.00_al_1.00_si_4.00_o_12_cl_1.00_; beo estimated by difference; trace amounts of fe
(sr_0.96_ba_0.06_)_=1_b_6_o_9_(oh)_2_3h_2_o ; b not measured but estimated by stoichiometry
hg_3.00_sb_1.00_as_1.00_s_3.00_ : darker inclusions are hgs.
na_6.00_mg_2.00_(co_3_)_4_(s_1.00_o_4_) ; c not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry
na_6.00_(mg_1.99_ca_0.01_)_=2.00_(co_3_)_4_(s_1.00_o_4_) ; c not measured but estimated by difference and stoichiometry
(na_0.60_ca_0.20_[box]_20_)_=1_ca_1.00_b_5.00_o_6_(oh)_6_5h_2_o ; b not measured but assumed by stoichiometry and charge balance.
cu^+2^pb_2.09_(cr_1.04_o_4_)((p_0.66_as_0.28_)_=0.94_o_4_)(oh) ;  (note: oxygen number adjusted to compensate for low analytical total)
(sr_1.98_ca_0.02_)_=2_[b_5_o_8_(oh)]_2_b(oh)_3_h_2_o; b and h not measured but assumed by stoichiometry
(cu^2+^_1.79_zn_1.21_)_=3_(p_1.00_o_4_)(oh)_3_2h_2_o; h_2_o estimated by difference; oh by charge balance
(fe^2+^_1.77_mg_1.21_mn_0.02_)_=3_(p_1.00_o_4_)_2_8h_2_o;  (dark phase, h_2_o is estimated by difference) : na_1.00_fe^2+^_1.00_p_1.00_o_4_ (light phase = maricite, with trace amounts of mn)
(ce_0.49_la_0.40_nd_0.11_)_=1_v_1.00_o_4_; trace amounts of si; no pb detected
(mg_1.23_ti_0.39_fe^2+^_0.17_al_0.19_fe^3+^_0.02_)_=2_o(bo_3_) ; b not measured but estimated by difference and charge balance
(sr_0.98_ba_0.04_)_=1.02_cu_1.05_si_3.97_o_10_ ; (wesselsite is medium gray material in image, associated with samples r120057 new plancheite-like mineral, dark grey; and r120077 new mineral, light grey)
ca_1.00_c_2.00_o_4_h_2_o ; c not measured but estimated by difference.
(zn_0.90_fe^2+^_0.07_cu_0.03_)_=1_(fe^3+^_1.99_al_0.01_)_=2_(as_1.00_o_4_)_2_(oh)_2_ ; oh estimated by difference; fe2+ and fe3+ proportions estimated by charge balance and stoichiometry
ca_1.00_si_1.00_o_3_; trace amounts of fe and mn
ca_1.00_(si_6.00_al_2.00_)o_16_4h_2_o; h_2_o estimated by difference
na_1.00_li_1.00_(zr_0.97_ti_0.02_hf_0.01_)_=1_si_6.00_o_15_; trace amounts of al and fe; li_2_o estimated by difference
zr_1.00_si_1.00_o_4_; trace amounts of hf
pb_1.00_cu_1.00_as_1.00_o_4_(oh) ; = dark phase. the lght phase is mimetite: (pb_4.95_cu_0.05_)_=5_(as_1.00_o_4_)_3_cl_1.00_; oh estimated by charge balance
pb_2.00_(co_3_)cl_2.00_ ; c estimated by difference